Front matter, Volume 20

~rchreologia ILUVIO ERll'lU:,;'l' ET CONSEIWANT. rms SANE OPEROSA, BED MOR'.CALIBUS URATA E'l' CUM REVEUEN'.CIA QUADAM CON· JUNCTA." ., AN'rJQUI'rrns, OR REMNANTS OF IIIS'l'ORY, ARE, AS WAS SAID, TANQUAM 'l'ABUL./El NAUFRAOll j Wl!l>N INDUSTRIOUS PERSONS, BY AN EXACT AND SCRUPULOUS l>ILIGENCE AND OBSERVA'fION, ou·r OF MONUMENTS, NAMES, WORDS, PROVERBS. 'J.'RADl'l'ION8, PlUVA'l'E RECORDS AND EVIDENCES, FRAG· MENTS OF S'l'ORIES, PASSAGES QI,' BOOKS THA'r CONCERN NOT STORY, AND THE LIKl!:, DO SAVE AND RECOVER 80~1EWHAT FROM THE DELUGE OF TDIE."-Adumef, in the fourteenth century. Only one original Norman window remains; it is in the north wall of the nuve. L:1.ter windows have replaced those of the chancel and south wall of the nave. The principal feature of interest in the church is the arcade, of three arches, which supports the east wall of the nave, and serves for a chancel-screen. '!'his was inserted in the fourteenth century, and no doubt succeeded a narrow Norman chanoel-aroh, in PROCEEDINGS, 1892. the same position. The Norman mat.erial is chiefly Ca.en-stone ; that of the screen-arcade and of the later windows is Kentish rag. Between the heads of the arches of the arcade there are grotesque corbel-heads, which at one time can-ied the brackets of n wooden rood-loft. Above the central n.rch, standing on the level of the rood-loft, is a round-arched opening in the wall, which at first sight might be taken for Norman work. A closer examination proves that the wall was pierced and the arch inserted when the arcade was made. This upper arch is of two orders; the outer order plain-chamfered ; the inner 01·der hollowchamfered; both chamfers being dagger-stopped. 'rhe outer order is all of chalk, once • painted, The jambs of the inner order are of Caen-stone, the squared blocks clearly shewing the diagonal axe-marks, except on the hollow chamfer. They must have come from the destroyed Norman chancel-arch. These jambs rest upon rude bases of Kentish rag. 'J:he voussoirs likewise are of Kentish rag, excepting the three voussoirs at the crown, which nre of re-used Caeu-stone. Tha purpose of this arch, in the minds of the builders, is obvious : it was meant to form a frame, so to speak, for the rood, its width and consequent round head being necessary to allow room fol' the figures of St. John and the Virgin, one on each side of the rood. The total height of the opening is 6 feet; the span is 5½ feet. A horizont{l.l line drawn just above the head of the Norman window in the north wall of the nave would give the height of the Norman interior. Continued eastwards this line would run just under a singular triangular window at the east end of the wall, made when the wall was raised. The purpose of this window was to give light to the gospellcr reading from the rood-loft. The whole of these re-armugements were probably carried out at one and the same time. Inside the south door thClre is something in the \Vall which possibly marks the position of a stoup for holy water. In the chanoel are a curious sedile and a piscina. On the outside, the lines which mark the mising of the walls are clearly visible, all round the building. The original quoins are instructive : the lower quoin-stones are huge blocks of a purple-coloured ferrnginous sandstone, while above them appear well-sqnared and J>l'Operly-faced Caen-stone quoins. The change of material does not necessarily meau difference of dn.te ; it more 1wobably marks the introduction of the Caen-stone into the country. The sandstone seems to have been brought over from the coast near Hastings. The flint-walling is cha1·acteristic. On the proposition of W. H. B. Rosher, Esq., a cordial vote of thanks was given to Mr. George Payne £or the admirable arrangements he had made for the instruction, pleasure, and comfort of members during the Meeting, to the Rev. G. M. Livett for his interesting descriptions, and to the Rev. Waterman GardnerWaterman for his excellent arrangements counected with the carriages. A charming drive to Dover, along the Folkestone road, within view of the Channel, brought the Annual Meeting of 1892 to a pleasant termination. The Council met on September Rooms at the Maidstone Museum. and nine members attended. 29th, 1892, in the Society's 'l'he Earl Stanhope presided, The following votes of t hanks, in connection with the Dover Meeting, were unanimously passed :- To the Mayor and Corporation of Dover, for the use of their Municipal Buildings. VOL. XX, d xlii PROCEEDING~ 189~ To the Mayor (Sir William Crandall), for kindly hospitality at the Town Hall. To Major-General Lord William Seymout·, Colonel O'Brien, Canon Puckle, the Rev. A. i\1. Collett, Rev. G. M'. Livett, the President and Council of Dover College, Dr. Astley, Rev. J. C. W. Valpy, Rev. John Turnbull, Mr. Alderman Fry (who kindly issued the Meeting tickets), and Mr. Loftus Brock, F.S.A., for much valuable help and hearty co-operation; :1lso to the Rev. W. GardnerWaterman for superintending the carriage arrangements. After due discussion, it was resolved to hold the next Annual Meeting at Edenbridge. Votes of thanks were passed for the following gifts to the Society's LibrlLry :- To the Rev. J. Cave-Browne for his Boxley l?a1·isli. To J. F. Wadmore, Esq., for a volume of Kentiah Plays; and for three volumes of the Camden Society's Publications. To mchard Cooke, Esq., for the .Llnglo-Saxon Poems of Beowulf. To A. D. Weld French, Esq., for his Index .Llrmorial. To Lieut.-Geueral Pitt-Rivers, F.R.S., for his Excavations in Bolcerly Dylce and Wansdylce, vol. iii. A special vote of thanks was passed to Algernon Brent, Esq., for his handsome donation of Five Pounds towards the Illustration Fund, Mr. Brent accompanying his gift with expressions of pleasure at the receipt of the Index Volume of .Ll.rcltceologia Oantiana. A special vote of tbaaks was passed to Dr. Astley on his relinquishing the office of Honorary Loral Secretary for tbe Dover district, after thirty years' valuable service to the Society. E. W. l!'ry, Esq., of St. Martin's Honse, Dover, was unanimously elected to fill the vacant office. The Honorary Secretary reported that he had drawn the attention of the military authorities at Chatham to the fact that discoveries of' antiquities had been made during the construction of tlie forts, in the 'fhn,uies and Medway divisions, and that the objects had been removed without the knowledge of the War Department. He appealed to Lieut.-General Goodenoug11, C.B., then in command, to intercede that it should not occur again, at the same time lLsking that information might in future be sent to the Society's Secretary of any future discoveries. All this having been most carefully and systematically carried out by General Goodenough, it was uuanimouRly rt•solved that a special vote of thanks be accorded to him for his valuable assistance, and that he be presented with a copy of the Eleventh Volume of A.rchreolo,qia Oantiana, and a bound copy of the Catalogue of the Society's Museum, The Honorary Secretay reported that, during buildmg operations connected with the Mathematical School at Rochester, the no1-th tower of the ancient east-gate of the city had been laid bare. This he had, at the request of the Mayor of Rochester, opened up to a considerable extent, revealing the massive foundations of an earlier tower. Having suggested the desirability of keeping this interesting landmark of ancient Rochester permanently exposed, PROCEEDI NGS, 1892. xliii by means of a subway, it bad been intimated to him that the Corporation might be disposed to adopt the suggestion if half tl1e cost of the work could be obtained elsewhere. The Council therefore resolved that Five Pounds be voted towards the fund in the event of such a scheme being carried out. A. letter was read from the Rev. G. M. Livett, to the effect that Malling Abbey had been sold to Miss Boyd £or the residence of a Close Sisterhood of the Anglican Church, and, as alterations were contemplated, he suggested that an expert be appointed to measure up the existing building before anything was done. This was referred to the Honorary Secretary, who was directed to make further inquiries. A letter was read from the Rev. W. Gardner-Waterman with reference to the desecration of the ruined Church of the Blessed Virgin Mary at West Hythe, which was referred to Mr. George Wilks. Seven new members were elected. The Council met on December 22nd, 1892, in the Cathedral Library at Canterbury, by the kindly permission of the Dean and Chapter. Canon W. A. Scott Robertson presided, nnd seven other members were present. The Honorary Secretary submitted his proposed Programme of the next Annual Meeting to be held at Edenbridge, which was agreed to. C. W. Powell, Esq., J.P., of Speldhurst, was unanimously elected a member of the Council, in room of the Rev. E. H. Lee, deceased. Thanks were voted to George Wilks, Esq., £or having given to the Society's Library his books, Tlie Bcwons of tlie Cinque Ports and The Early History of Hythe, part i. The Honorary Secretary had issued the following private circular to the members of the Council, explanatory of this question upon the agenda paper : " Can anything be done towa1·ds the protection of tbe ancient monuments in Kent, and the preservation in Borough Museums of antiquities which may in future be found in the County ?" :- T:aE PRECINCT, RocHESTBR. December rn, 1892. DlM.R Sm, It seems to me that some special effort should be made, by the Corporate Towns possessing Museums in Kent, t-o arrest the ontgoing of the antiquities and other objects of local interest which are consmntly being brought to light. The magnificent Collections foi·med by the late Bryan Faussett from East Kent passed away to Liverpool, the Gibbs Collection to S. Kensington, the Gold Treasures from Faversham are in half-a-dozen hands, and my own Collection is a.t the British. Museum, having been declined by the town of Sittingbourne as a free gift. I propose to bring the matter before the Council of the Kent .A.rchreological Society on Thursday, asking the Society to initiate it, and at the same time to xliv PROCEEDINGS, 1892. offer myself for the work if an adequate remuneration could be ensured. The following ideas have suggested themselves to me as u~eful aml practicable:- 1. Examine periodically the historic monuments of ea.eh distrir.t and report on their condition and advise as to their preservation. 2. To assist the Mnseum authorities to acquire the antiquities discovered around each centre. 3. To advise as to the arrangement of Collections with a view to making them more educational. 4, To conduct researches when called upon to do so. 5. To explore the districts and supply archreological maps with the results marked thereon, and record the same in A.rchOJologia Cantiana. 6. To give lectures occasionally in the Museums if necessary. 'l. To organize Public 11:eetings and Conversa.zioni once or twice a year in each Museum with a view to their popularization. I venture to hope that if this matter were brought under the notice of the Corporate 'l'owns in Kent, where museums already exist 01· are likely to bo established, they would each contribute towards the annual cost of so valuable a work, of which they would reap, to a large extent, the benefit. I aru, Yours faithfully, GEORGE .PAYNE. Mr. Payne stated that, during a conversation with the noble President, he (Mr. Payne) had mentioned that if the Society could vote £50 per annum towards the stipend of an Inspector, the Corporate 'l'owns where museums exist might be asked to contribute £,100 more per annum. The following letter from the noble President was read:- OnnvENlNG, SEVENOAKS. December 15, 1892. DEAR MR. PAYNE, I am sorry that, owing to the late hour of the meeting, I cannot attend the next Counoil meeting at Canterbury. I should be glad to see an Inspector of Antiquities appointed for the County to assist in further explorations and to aid in the enumeration of new collections. If the Boroughs of the County would co-operate in the scheme and would contribute £100 or £150 a year, there would be no person more fitting for the appointment than yourself. I think that in any case the Kent Archreological Society would be very ready to augment your salary by £100 a year. 'With regard to the sale of surplus copies of Arclueologia Cantiana, there can be no doubt that you should have authority to dispose of them at the rate of 10s. a volume. GEORGE PAYNE, EsQ., F.S . .A.. Yours very faithfully, STANHOPE. Letters more or less favouring the scheme had been received from Mr. Leveson-Gower, Lieut.-Colonel Hartley, Mr. Samuel Mercer, and Mr. Wadmore. After due deliberation the subject was adjourned £or consideration at the next Council Meeting. '!.'he Chairman left, with Messrs. Boodle and Arnold, £or an early train, at this stage of the proceedings, when the Archdeacon of Maidstone took the Chair. The subject 0£ excavations at Richborough was postponed. PROCEEDINGS, 1892-3. xlv It was resolved that in future the stock of back volumes of A.rch<.eologia Oantiana may be sold to members at the rate of ten shillings per volume, as there was so little call for them at the price of fifteen shillings hitherto charged to members who had not originally subscribed for the back volume desired. The Council met on March 25th, 1893, at Maidstone. Eleven members were present, presided over by the Earl Stanhope. Charles Boyce, Esq., M.D., was elected Honorary Local Secretary for the Maidstone District, vice Mr. F. Bunyard resigned. The subject of the Preservation of Antiquities and the Protection of Ancient Monuments in Kent, whicn was adjourned at the last meeting, was further discussed. The Honorary 8ec1'etary explained that what l1e proposed to offer to do for the county was beyond the duties included in the Honorary Secretaryship, and it was for this additional work that he asked to be remunerated. The noble President read a draft letter, which he had prepared in connection with the scheme, to be sent to the Kentish Boroughs. The matter was debated in the absence of the Honorary Secretary. On being recalled to the room he was informed that the Council had resolved that the following Jetter should be lithographed aud sent, as soon as completed, to the Mayors of all the Boroughs in Kent. CID>VENING, SEVENOAKS. Marek 27, 1893. Sm, The Council of the Kent Archreological Society, in the interest and furtherance of Antiquarian Research, have the honour to ask your co-operation for the following object. It apJJears to them very desimble that a competent Inspecf;or should be appointed for the County, who should have full knowledge of its Antiquities and Archreological History. Such an Inspector could, if invited, very well become responsible in advising as to the pre~ervation of Ancient Monuments and Buildings, and as to undertaking fresh explorations. He could also n-.ssist as to the arrangement and Cataloguing of New or of existing Museums, and could deliver Lectures on Local Archreology. The Council of the Kent Arcbroological Society are prepared to recommend the Society to make a yearly contribution of £50 out of their funds for this object, provided that the County Boroughs will meet them with an annual grant in the whole of not less than One Hundred Pounds. The present Secretary of the Society, Mr. George Payne (Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries), poosesses adequate experience and full knowledge, and is ready to undertuke such duties. If you are willing to make a contribution toward~ this proposal out of your Public Library, Museum Fund, or County Technical Education Grant, your Corporo.tion would be entitled to the services of the County Inspector, and would receive all future volumes of the Lfrclue,ologia Oantiana. The Council of the Kent Archroological Society trust that you will have the goodness to take this matter into your favourable consideration, and will kindly let me have a reply at an early opportunity. I have the honour to be, Sir, Your obedient Servant, His W 01•ship The Mayo1· of -- STANHOPE, P1•e$i.de11t K. A. Society, xlvi PROCEEDI NGS, 1893. It was resolved to insure the property of the Society which might at any time be in the hands of the printers at £300. The Honorary ~ecretary was permitted to make use of certain wood blocks with which to illustrate his Gollectanett Oantittna. The following works were ordered to be subscribed for :-Cowper's Oanterbwry lJ'larriage Licences; Duncan's Lewiskam Church; l!'ielding's Memories of .Malling. A vote of thanks was accorded to Sir John Evans, K.C.B., for his v11,luable gift of Richborougb coins from the Rolfe Collection. Nine new members were elected. The Council met on June 27th in London, at the house of the noble President, in Grosvenor Place. The Earl Stanhope J!resided, and there were fourteen members present. ThP, Programme (in proof) of the Annual Meeting to be held at Eden bridge in July was approved. The Earl 1::ltanbope was elected a Trustee of the Society, vice Lord Brabourne, deceased. Replies from several of the Boroughs were read with reference to the appointment of an I nspector of Antiquities for the County, to the effect that they were unable to vote any funds for such a purpose. After some discussion, it was moved by Mr. A. A. Arnold, seconded by Canon Scott Robertson, and carried, " That the Council, having heard the replies from the Boroughs respecting the appointment of a County Inspector, much regret that tliey can take no further action in the matter." It was resolved that the sums received from Life Compounders for membership, amounting to £100, shall forthwith be invested in Consols. It was re1mlved to subscribe twenty guineas towards tbe fund being raised for the purch11se of the Roman castrum at Rieb borough. '!'he Honorary Secretary laid upon the table the account of the Stock of ArchaJologia Ottntittna at Maidstone, (not including copies in the hands of local Secretaries,) 11s follows :- No. of Volume. I. II. III. IV. V. VI. VII. VIII. IX. X. XI. XCI. XIII. XIV. xv. XVI. XVII. XVIII. XIX. 'rota! Royal Quarto. None. l l 2 2 1 3 10 Large Octavo. Octavo. None. None. 31 11 1 4.,6 7 49 15 35 13 98 12 117 15 53 13 38 7 7 8 17 2 80 5 29 7 25 15 56 18 51 14 116 142 809 REPORT, 1893. xlvii A vote of thanks was passed to the Rev. 0. A. Molony, for his gift to the Library of Simson's Historic Tlianet. Three new members were ele..:ted. The .Annual Meeting of the Society commenced at Edenbridge on Tuesday, Jnly 25th, 1893. The Business Meeting was held in the Ocldfellows' Hall, the noble President in the Ohair. The Report was rend by the Honorary Secretary (George Payne, Esq.) as follows:- REPORT. To-day, for the first time since its foundation, the Society visits Eden bridge; a locality full of interest, and especially rich in un-restored examples of aucient domestic architecture. It is hoped that the visit or the Society on this occasion to some of these old houses may induce the owners to take steps to arrest the progress of their decay, so that they may stand for many long years 11s valunble illustrations of the architecture of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, as applied to the dwellings of the yeomen of the Weald at that period. In presenting this, the Thirty-sixth Annual Report, the Council with much pleasure draw attention to the continued prosperity of the Society. The Council have, however, to announce with the deepest regret the deaths during the past year of two of its distinguisbed Vice-Presidents, the Earl of Derby and the Lord Brabourne, the latter being 11,lso one of the Society's Trustees. Other valued members have passed away. Since the last, Annual Meeting twenty-seven new members have been elected. The Society now numbers eight hundred and seventy-two members, while twelve await election at your hands to-day. Members will be gratified to learn that at the last meeting of the Council the Earl Stanhope, the noble President, consented to act as a Trustee of the Society in the room of Lord Brabournc, deceased. The Council having heard with gratification of a scheme for the purchase of the celebrated Roman castrum at Richborough, recently voted the sum of twenty guineas towards the fund, which still needs about £300 to con1plete the purchase. The spirited manner in which the whole iuatter has been taken up renders the final protection and preservation of this grand nationa,J monument an absolute certainty, It is anticipated that· in the course of the next three or four months the Twentieth Volume of .4.·rdireolury. Six new members were elected.